Gas centrifuge
The gas centrifugation process uses a unique design that allows gas to constantly flow in and out of the centrifuge. Unlike most centrifuges which rely on batch processing, the gas centrifuge uses continuous processing, allowing cascading, in which multiple identical processes occur in succession. The gas centrifuge consists of a cylindrical rotor, a casing, an electric motor, and three lTo date, large-scale commercial isotope separation of only three elements has occurred. In each case, the rarer of the two most common isotopes of an element has been concentrated for use in nuclear technology: • Uranium isotopes have been separated to prepare enriched uranium for use as nuclear reactor fuel and in nuclear weapons.Isotope separation
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Development of a Sorption Technology for Separating Uranium
The results of laboratory experiments on the sorption separation of uranium and rare-earth elements from nitrate-phosphate solutions on a solid extractant with an Here we propose a spontaneous electrochemical method that spatially decouples the uranium–adsorption–reduction reactions and the iron oxidation reaction, Spontaneous electrochemical uranium extraction from wastewater
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Separation of uranium and thorium from rare earths for
The separation of uranium and thorium from rare earths is often a big concern in rare earth industry in order to reasonably manage the radioactive nuclides. Transuranics (Pu(IV), Am(III), Cm(III) and Np(VI)) are recovered by CyMe4-BTBP and TBP dissolved in cyclohexanone. Uranium (>99.9%) and technetium (>95%) A review on UREX processes for nuclear spent fuel
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Removal of uranium from soil using full-sized washing
Soil washing-electrokinetic decontamination equipment was manufactured to remove uranium from lots of soil with high removal efficiency during a short time, and Soil washing-electrokinetic decontamination equipment was manufactured to remove uranium from lots of soil with high removal efficiency during a short time, and Removal of uranium from soil using full-sized washing
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Uranium isotope separation from 1941 to the present
In 1941 (year of birth of the author) large-scale development for uranium isotope separation was started after the US authorities were warned that NAZI Germany This review focuses on the determination of uranium using spectroanalytical techniques that are aimed at total determination such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES); and inductively Uranium determination using atomic spectrometric techniques:
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Uranium isotope separation from 1941 to the present
Uranium isotope separation was the key development for the preparation of highly enriched isotopes in general and thus became the seed for target development and preparation for nuclear and applied physics.. In 1941 (year of birth of the author) large-scale development for uranium isotope separation was started after the US authorities were This paper reviews the technologies used for separating uranium and thorium from rare earths in rare earth production, particularly in China. Some potentially applicable methods, such as precipitation and solvent extraction for the separation of uranium and thorium from rare earths in different media were also reviewed.Separation of uranium and thorium from rare earths for rare
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Research progress in the treatment of uranium(VI)-contaminated
Wang [] used epichlorohydrin as the crosslinking agent to prepare water-insoluble crosslinked chitosan adsorbent and applied it to the adsorption of uranium(VI).The principle of preparation was that the -OH on chitosan could replace the –Cl on epichlorohydrin. This did not affect the –NH 2, thus affecting the adsorption efficiency.. In this work, a novel procedure was developed to separate thorium from uranium ore, consisting of leaching, liquid–liquid extraction, precipitations and ion exchange chromatography. The final product was 91.32 ± 0.77 mg of thorium with a purity of 99.5 ± 1.2 wt%. Of that, 7.65 ± 0.10 mg was 230 Th and the remainder 232 Th.Separation of thorium from uranium ore SpringerLink
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Isotope separation
Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes. The use of the nuclides produced is varied. The largest variety is used in research (e.g. in chemistry where atoms of "marker" nuclide are used to figure out reaction mechanisms). By tonnage, separating natural uranium into enriched uranium Calutron. An Alpha calutron tank removed from the magnet for recovery of uranium-235. A calutron is a mass spectrometer originally designed and used for separating the isotopes of uranium. It was developed by Ernest Lawrence during the Manhattan Project and was based on his earlier invention, the cyclotron. Its name was derived from CaliforniaCalutron
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SEPARATION OF THE ISOTOPES OF URANIUM (Technical Report)
The first section of the report summarizes the background material relating to this work which includes: a calculation of isotope shifts (borodeuteride), details on the two-step, two-photon spectroscopic isotope separation technique, and a brief overview of the method and equipment used for separating uranium isotopes in the solid state.The natural abundance of 235 U is 0.72%, but only 0.5% is exploited normally. This means 1500 t 235 U were separated from ≈300,000 t of natural U. This huge amount of depleted U which has even only ≈30% of the small radio activity of natural U is offered to the world economy.Uranium isotope separation from 1941 to the present
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Development of pilot-scale electrokinetic remediation technology for
After a remediation experiment for 25 days using improved pilot-scale electrokinetic remediation equipment, the removal efficiency of uranium from the soil was 96.8%, and its residual uranium concentration was 0.81 Bq/g. When the initial uranium concentration of soil was about 50 Bq/g, the electrokinetic remediation time required to For industrial uranium extraction from seawater, the uranium enrichment rate and handling capacity can be reasonably expanded by increasing the coupling number. However, due to the limited treating capacity in the first SED stack, only a three-stage SED-CED-SED experiment was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of the cascade electro A cascade electro-dehydration process for simultaneous
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Solvent Extraction Separation of Uranium, Plutonium, and Fission
Solvent Extraction Separation of Uranium, CHEMICALS AND EQUIPMENT. The following chemically pure grade chemicals were used: La(NO 3) complexes of U(VI), Pu(IV), Pu(VI), Np(V), Np(VI), and Am(III) from carbonate solutions was performed in 10-mL glass separating funnels with vigorous stirring at 25 ± 0.1°С;Uranium Recovery (Extraction) Methods. Uranium recovery involves one of the following extraction processes. In a conventional uranium mine and mill, uranium ore is extracted from the Earth, typically through deep underground shafts or shallow open pits. The ore is transported to a mill, where it is crushed and undergoes a Uranium Recovery (Extraction) Methods NRC.gov
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3 SEPARATIONS TECHNOLOGY Nuclear Wastes: Technologies for
Large-scale non-aqueous processes to produce uranium hexafluoride, a compound unstable in the presence of water, were developed during 1943-1945; they are used routinely on a scale of tons per day to produce feed for the gaseous diffusion process used to enrich uranium.The first irradiated uranium from the reactor was dissolved on December 19, 1943. Beginning in February 1944, the plant produced several grams of plutonium per month. DuPont built massive, scaled-up versions of the X-10 plant at Hanford's two chemical separation locations (200-West and 200-East) located almost ten miles south of the Manhattan Project: Processes > Plutonium Production OSTI.GOV
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A review on UREX processes for nuclear spent fuel reprocessing
The major advantages of the UREX + processes are following: (1) the efficiencies of U and Pu recovery are > 99.9%, (2) volume of the spent fuel reduced greatly by separating uranium from the spent nuclear fuel, (3) radiotoxicity and heat generation of the spent fuel decreases by the recovery of Tc and Cs/Sr respectively (Ghosh and The systems, equipment, and components for laser-enrichment plants embrace (a) devices to feed uranium-metal vapor (for selective photoionization) or devices to feed the vapor of a uraniumLaser Isotope Separation Uranium Enrichment
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Uranium Definition, Properties, Uses, & Facts Britannica
Uranium hexafluoride (UF 6) is a solid with an unusually high vapour pressure (115 torr = 0.15 atm = 15,300 Pa) at 25 °C (77 °F). UF 6 is chemically very reactive, but, despite its corrosive nature in the vapour state, UF 6 has been widely used in the gas-diffusion and gas-centrifuge methods of separating uranium-235 from uranium 800 L washing-electrokinetic soil separation equipment was manufactured to decontaminate uranium contaminated soils from Korean nuclear facilities.For the removal of uranium at more than 95% from radioactive soil through soil washing-electrokinetic technology, several decontamination experiments were carried out.Removal of uranium from soil using full-sized washing
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Nuclear fuel cycle' Extractingg uranium from its ores
5000 kg ore for each kilogram of uranium recovered. To produce the same amount of uranium, therefore, mill-size can vary by a factor of 10. Most uranium mills use wet grinding, and the resulting slurry is fed to a leaching circuit where sulphuric acid is added. Acid consumption does not depend on the uranium content of the ore, but is
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